Evaluation of the 8-year prognosis of fatal

and non-fatal complications in patients

with arterial hypertension combined

with non-cardiological pathology

Karimov A.K., Mamedov M.N., Chernyshenko E.G., Yushkova O.V., Yarovaya E.B.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia.

Aim. To evaluate the 8-year prognosis of fatal and non-fatal complications in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) combined with non-cardiological pathology.

Materials and methods. This retrospective-prospective clinical study included 637 patients who were routinely hospitalized at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine for diagnostic procedures and adjustment of drug therapy. Inclusion criteria: men and women aged 40–80 years with a clinical diagnosis of hypertension stages 1–3 (Russian Cardiological Society, 2024) without other cardiovascular diseases.

The presence of other somatic diseases and risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases was allowed. After 8 years of follow-up, telephone interviews were conducted with patients and their close relatives to record complications, including fatal and non-fatal events. The response rate was 91.4%.

Results. At baseline, patients with AH were divided into two groups according to the number of additional non-cardiological diseases: AH combined with one non-cardiological disease and AH combined with two or more non-cardiological diseases. In the first group, allcause death was registered in 13.3%, while in the second group, fatal outcomes were twice as high, accounting for 24.5% of cases (p = 0.002). Cardiovascular death was also more frequently detected in the second group compared

to the first group (15.5% and 9.7%, respectively), although the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.072). During the follow-up period, myocardial infarction in the first group was registered in 2.6% of cases, and in the second group — in 4.1% of patients.

A similar trend was observed for acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA). Thus, in the first group, ACVA was registered in 3.1% of patients, in the second group — in 5.2% of patients. The majority of deceased patients from cardiovascular complications in the first group initially had stage 2 hypertension and high cardiovascular risk, whereas in the second group this status was recorded in every

second deceased patient. In the second group, about 47 % of deceased patients initially had stage 3 hypertension and very high cardiovascular risk.

Conclusion. Thus, over 8 years of follow-up, all-cause death and cardiovascular death in the group with AH combined with two or more non-cardiological diseases were twice as high compared to the group with AH combined with one non-cardiological disease. It is evident that when developing preventive programs, it is necessary to take into account not only the stage of AH, modifiable risk factors, and target organ damage, but also the presence of additional non-cardiological diseases, which collectively increase the risk of complications and fatal outcomes.

Keywords: arterial hypertension, fatal and non-fatal outcomes, 8-year prognosis, non-cardiological diseases.

For citation: Karimov AK, Mamedov MN, Chernyshenko EG et al. Evaluation of the 8-year prognosis of fatal and non-fatal complications in patients with hypertensive disease combined with non-cardiological pathology. International Heart and Vascular Disease Journal. 2026; 14(51):4-10. DOI: 10.24412/2311-1623-2026- 51-5-13